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The use of force involves the use of physical restraint – usually by a member of a law enforcement agency – to gain control of an unruly person or situation. Although there is no universally agreed upon single definition of use of force the International Association of Chiefs of Police defines the use of force as the "amount of effort required by police to compel compliance by an unwilling subject".〔International Association of the Chiefs of Police, ''Police Use of Force in America, 2001'' (pdf, 88 pages), Alexandria, Virginia, 2001.〕 Use of force doctrines can be employed by law enforcement officers and military personnel on guard duty. The aim of such doctrines is to balance the needs of security with ethical concerns for the rights and well-being of intruders or suspects. Injuries to civilians tend to focus attention on self-defense as a justification and, in the event of death, the notion of justifiable homicide. U.S. military personnel on guard duty are given a "use of force briefing" by the sergeant of the guard before being assigned to their post. For the English law on the use of force in crime prevention, see Self-defence in English law. The Australian position on the use of troops for civil policing is set out by Michael Hood in (''Calling Out the Troops: Disturbing Trends and Unanswered Questions'' ); compare ("Use of Deadly Force by the South African Police Services Re-visited" ) by Malebo Keebine-Sibanda and Omphemetse Sibanda. ==History== Use of force dates back to the beginning of established law enforcement, with a fear that officers would abuse their power. In today's society this fear still exists and one of the ways to fix this problem is to require police to wear body cameras and to have them turned on during all interactions with civilians. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Use of force」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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